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Learn more about the results we get at Within
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Experiential therapy is a form of insight-driven or action-based therapy that immerses a patient in an environment, setting, or experience.
When combined with other evidence-based treatment methods like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), experiential therapies can be a beneficial tool for treating eating disorders. (13)
Experiential therapy employs a different approach to mental health than more-traditional talk therapy treatments. Rather than discuss moments from the past or present that are troubling or may be contributing to the issue, patients are encouraged to experience and embody what they're feeling at any given time over the course of treatment.1
Learn more about the types of therapies we use at Within and what you can expect out of treatment.
These feelings can be channeled through a number of media, activities, scenes, or settings, with techniques used at experiential therapy sessions varying by the specific modality. When guided with the help of an expert, these types of experiences can help reveal feelings both surface level and subconscious, and uncover insight into both past and present situations.1
What are the different types of experiential therapy?
Many different types of therapies fall under the umbrella of experiential therapy, including:2,3,4
Psychodrama or drama therapy: Patients re-enact scenes in a safe setting as a means of learning new behaviors and roles, while healing from trauma.
Animal-assisted therapy: Patients take care of animals, which can promote healing, increase feelings of connection, and improve confidence. Equine therapy, where patients care for horses, is a popular form of animal-assisted therapy.
Art therapy: Patients participate in various forms of creation, such as drawing, painting, or sculpting, to facilitate self-expression, build new insights and understand emotions.
Music therapy: Patients listen to or create music to help reduce anxiety, engage in self-expression, and increase bodily awareness.
Wilderness and adventure therapy: Patients participate in outdoor activities and excursions that can enhance group bonding, improving confidence, self-esteem, perseverance, and self-discovery.
Play therapy: Typically used for children to help them work through insights or self-expression through therapeutic play.
Mindful movement: Patients reconnect their mind with their body through joyful movement that isn’t centered around weight loss, such as dance, walking, and yoga.
How is experiential therapy used to treat eating disorders?
Experiential therapy is frequently used to help treat eating disorders and trauma, which often co-occur, but it can also help treat eating disorders alone, or with other co-occurring conditions.
When treating eating disorders, experiential therapies like art therapy, psychodrama, and music therapy are typically combined with evidence-based treatments, including:2
Different types of experiential therapy help in different ways, but the overall idea of experiential therapy work is to offer alternative avenues for expression. This often happens by tapping into the "right" side of the brain, which is connected more to creative artistic processes.4
Without having to be filtered through the more logic-driven "left brain," these feelings can be expressed more purely and directly. This can be especially helpful for those who don't feel as comfortable verbalizing concerns they may be experiencing. It can also help people unlock feelings or ideas they were not even consciously aware of harboring.
When used to help with eating disorders specifically, experiential therapy aims to help someone understand and confront negative emotions they may be experiencing around food, self-esteem, or body image. Additional support from CBT or other talk therapy treatments can help patients develop further understanding and strategies for alleviating harmful thoughts and behaviors.
Evaluating experiential therapy as an effective eating disorder treatment
Experiential therapy can be incredibly therapeutic and healing for people recovering from an eating disorder, although, as with other types of therapy, every patient’s experience is different.
Depending on the type of modality, experiential therapy can have many benefits, including:4,5,6,7,8,9
Improved emotional awareness and processing
Decreased avoidance of challenging or painful feelings, conversations, thoughts, people, and settings
Improved creative and self-expression
Improved body image and self-esteem
Decreased use of defense mechanisms
Opportunities for breakthroughs and corrective experiences
Enhanced emotional regulation and mind-body connection
Avoid intellectualizing problems
Improved psychological resiliency
Enhanced forgiveness and acceptance through perspective-taking and role flexibility
Further, experiential therapies may be offered in a variety of eating disorder treatment settings, including inpatient, residential, partial hospitalization, intensive outpatient, and even via telehealth or virtual care.2
And experiential therapies are often trauma-informed, meaning that the treatment team operates under the assumption that clients are more likely to have experienced trauma than not, and as such, they are mindful of situations that could be triggering or retraumatizing.
It's generally not advised for experiential therapies to be used as stand-alone treatments for eating disorders, or used as an alternative to evidence-based treatments like CBT and DBT. Rather, they are frequently recommended as complementary approaches to recovery.10
Moreover, experiential therapies may not be appropriate for every patient, including those with a physical disability that prevents participation, cognitive impairment, or those experiencing psychosis or another severe mental health symptom.
Because experiential therapy represents a broad range of treatments rather than a specific type of therapy, some experiential therapies are better researched than others. And of those that have been clinically examined, different modalities have been found to be more helpful for different symptoms.
For example, research has shown that art therapy can help treat eating disorders, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and personality disorders, while music therapy is more helpful for improving sleep and decreasing stress.2
Preliminary research has also shown that animal-assisted therapy, when combined with traditional forms of eating disorder treatment, can improve confidence and cognitive flexibility as well as improve patient ability to give up control.11
However, much more research is needed to determine the efficacy of various experiential therapies in treating eating disorders.
Our treatment providers understand that different types of care may be more helpful for different types of patients, and we are committed to helping patients recover from eating disorders through a range therapies and immersive experiences.
Although we do offer more well-known experiential therapies in our treatment plans, we can also tailor experiential activities for our patient's specific history and needs. For example, if someone is stressed about going shopping for new clothes during eating disorder recovery, we may create an experiential opportunity for them to go shopping with the assistance of their care partner and other patients.
Disclaimer about "overeating": Within Health hesitatingly uses the word "overeating" because it is the term currently associated with this condition in society, however, we believe it inherently overlooks the various psychological aspects of this condition which are often interconnected with internalized diet culture, and a restrictive mindset about food. For the remainder of this piece, we will therefore be putting "overeating" in quotations to recognize that the diagnosis itself pathologizes behavior that is potentially hardwired and adaptive to a restrictive mindset.
Disclaimer about weight loss drugs: Within does not endorse the use of any weight loss drug or behavior and seeks to provide education on the insidious nature of diet culture. We understand the complex nature of disordered eating and eating disorders and strongly encourage anyone engaging in these behaviors to reach out for help as soon as possible. No statement should be taken as healthcare advice. All healthcare decisions should be made with your individual healthcare provider.
Experiential therapy is an umbrella term for action-based or experience-based therapies that allow patients to access their inner feelings.1
What types of experiential therapies for eating disorders are used presently?
A range of experiential therapies can be used to help treat eating disorders. Specific recommendations depend on a patient's unique needs and history, though art therapy, psychodrama, and music therapy are commonly utilized.
What types of experiential therapy are offered at Within?
Within offers many different types of experiential therapy, including but not limited to: art therapy, mindful movement, mealtime support, grocery support, and psychodrama.
Our multidisciplinary care team can help determine what types of therapy should be included in the best treatment plan for you or your loved one.